What is the definition of psychology?

The definition of psychology as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes encompasses a broad range of topics, including how individuals think, feel, and act in various circumstances. This definition highlights the importance of empirical research and the scientific method in understanding psychological phenomena, which distinguishes psychology from other fields, such as philosophy or sociology.

By emphasizing both behavior and mental processes, psychology captures the complexity of human experience, acknowledging that external actions are often influenced by internal thoughts and emotions. This holistic approach enables researchers and practitioners to explore various aspects of the mind and behavior, from cognitive function to emotional responses, making it a comprehensive discipline.

While the other options involve important concepts, they do not encapsulate the full scope of psychology. For instance, defining psychology strictly as the philosophical study of the mind limits it to theory rather than including the scientific methods employed in the field. Similarly, focusing solely on social interactions or economic behavior skews the comprehensive nature of psychological inquiry and practice. Thus, the scientific approach in defining psychology is what makes option B the most accurate representation of the field.