What is a key advantage of using an independent groups design?

The key advantage of using an independent groups design is that controlled conditions can significantly reduce the influence of extraneous variables. In this design, different participants are assigned to each condition of the experiment, meaning that any results observed can be more confidently attributed to the independent variable being tested rather than variations among participants.

By minimizing the potential for participant-related variability—such as differences in behavior, motivation, or experience—researchers can isolate the impact of the treatment or intervention being studied. Controlled conditions help ensure that any changes in the dependent variable are likely due to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than other external factors.

This design can effectively limit the effects of confounding variables and contribute to the internal validity of the research findings, making it easier to establish a cause-and-effect relationship.